I attempt to tenon all glue ups, but sometimes that cannot be done. A few years ago Dave Paul, Hunt n Carve, wrote an article on another forum about glues and gluing. I took my notes and followed his suggestions and have never had a failure since.
If you do a Google of segmented turnings you will see 1000's of woodturnings that have no tenons to help with the glue job. Most of these are from the experts of woodturning world. Using Dave's info an their info is my method of doing segmenting work.
On the angle cuts, this is my method, I square up all of the pieces, then drill a 1/4" hole though each of the ones I am using. I cut on my miter saw all of the pieces I will use. In the above example the grain of the red heart and yellow heart is at an angle, in my method they flow with the wood. For the red heart I would cut off a piece at an angle then slice off the one I would use, same with the yellow heart. Then to glue them together I would stick a dowel in the big piece of walnut, wipe glue on both surfaces and slide the slice of YH on, then repeat with walnut and again with the RH and the cap of walnut. Then clamp them. The dowel in the center keeps them from sliding off center and will be drill out when the blank is drilled.
Marvin